PHP was designed from the ground up to be a server-side web language - it's original name was Personal Home Page, although it's been changed to become the recursive name PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.
Compared with perl, PHP is not as powerful as a programming language. perl was designed initially as a reporting tool (Practical Extraction and Reporting Tool), but due to it's flexibility, modularity, portability and the speed at which new scripts can be written, grew out of it's reporting role quickly, and matured into an incredible scripting language. "At The Beginning(tm)" of the web, choices for cgi applications were basically C, perl or shell. It's not too difficult to understand why perl gained a large 'market share' - C requires compiling every change and shell scripts were too limited.
But perl has some problems for server-side web stuff. Firstly, perl is very flexbile about coding style and syntax. That means that it is very easy to code something that is non-obviously insecure. This was a big problem for a while when people were writing their own mail forms.
The second problem is one of code maintainance - perl is so flexible when it comes to syntax that it is difficult to ensure that code written by one person is easily understood by another. For a small company this can be a problem if a coder leaves.
PHP has a much stricter syntax, but is incredibly powerful for server-side scripting (remember it was designed for this role). It is better protected against insecurities, and easier to learn.
PHPNuke and Zope/Zend are both PHP based portal toolkits, that allow the non-coder to quickly and easily (relatively speaking..) get a comprehensive site up and running. Both are easily customisable.
Javascript is suited to client-side coding - eg to have an image change when a user puts his mouse cursor over it. Indeed, it is the only really viable option for simple client side stuff.
Edited by genixia (14/05/2002 08:07)
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